وَنُسَمِّي أَهْلَ قِبْلَتِنَا مُسْلِمِينَ مُؤْمِنِينَ مَا دَامُوا بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُعْتَرِفِينَ وَلَهُ بِكُلِّ مَا قَالَ وَأَخْبَرَ مُصَدِّقِينَ
We call the people of our qibla Muslims and believers so long as they acknowledge what the Prophet ﷺ brought and affirm the truth of everything he said and reported.
Claim under examination: A person is seen praying toward the qiblah, and an observer claims to know every inward belief of that person from this one observation.
What the text establishes: The designation Muslim and believer is joined to acknowledgment of the Messenger’s teaching and affirmation of his reports. An outward indication is not complete knowledge of every hidden inward state.
What does not follow: Ignoring the text’s qualifications while claiming certainty about a person’s entire inner state adds what the statement does not establish.
Application: Keep an outward religious designation distinct from knowledge of hidden intentions.