LessonsEstablished Realities, Distinct Respects and Radical SkepticismQuiz

وَهُمُ الْعِنَادِيَّةُ
These are the ʿInādiyyah.

In the text's classification, this position denies that things possess determinate realities. It goes much further than ordinary intellectual caution.

Saying “I do not know whether that report is correct” acknowledges a limit to one's knowledge; it does not deny that there is a fact of the matter. Claiming that nothing has an established reality attacks the possibility of truth itself.

Keeping these claims separate prevents the legitimate admission of uncertainty from being confused with a universal metaphysical denial.

Opening interactive controls...

The ʿInādiyyah: denying determinate realities

Established Realities, Distinct Respects and Radical Skepticism

وَهُمُ الْعِنَادِيَّةُ
These are the ʿInādiyyah.

In the text's classification, this position denies that things possess determinate realities. It goes much further than ordinary intellectual caution.

Saying “I do not know whether that report is correct” acknowledges a limit to one's knowledge; it does not deny that there is a fact of the matter. Claiming that nothing has an established reality attacks the possibility of truth itself.

Keeping these claims separate prevents the legitimate admission of uncertainty from being confused with a universal metaphysical denial.