مَبْحَثُ عِصْمَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ
The question of the prophets' protection from wrongdoing.
ʿIṣmah is divine protection from what would invalidate prophetic trustworthiness and the office of conveying God's message. It does not imply that prophets have no human experiences or moral responsibility; rather, the reliability required for revelation is safeguarded.
Not all kinds of actions receive identical treatment in this discussion. Disbelief, lying while conveying revelation, major and minor sins, intention and inadvertence, and the periods before and after appointment must be distinguished before comparing the scholarly views.