The central conclusions
1. The three-brothers exchange tests the asserted rational obligation of aṣlaḥ; it does not disclose the destiny of real children.
2. Affirming divine mercy, wisdom and justice is not the same as imposing every humanly preferred outcome as an obligation upon God.
3. Personal accountability, reward and punishment, entrance into Paradise, and divine grace are related but separate questions.
4. Distinct views, narrations and explanations are reported for children from Muslim and non-Muslim families.
5. Sound reasoning distinguishes general from specific evidence, possibility from actuality, reporting from endorsement, and preference from suspension of judgment.
The next section begins a new historical topic: the translation of Greek philosophical thought into Arabic and its relationship with kalām.