«لِأَعْلَقَ مِنْهُ بِمَا يَكُونُ لِي زِينَةً بَيْنَ الْأَنَامِ»
So that I might acquire from it something that would adorn me among people.
The initial lām signals purpose: the pursuit of adab aims at acquiring something that adorns and distinguishes its learner. Aʿlaqa is a first-person imperfect used after a purposive lām, so its meaning is goal-directed.
Zīnah here refers to intellectual refinement rather than decoration. Bayna al-anām adds the social dimension. In translation explain the causal or purposive relation, instead of replacing a particle with a mechanical gloss.