PhraseSyntactic pointlā yanfaʿu al-dhalīla al-najāʾal-dhalīl = object; al-najāʾ = delayed subjecthal naḥnu ... riʿāʾnaḥnu = subject; riʿāʾ = predicatekaʾannahum alqāʾkaʾanna + its noun and predicatesāqathum umniyyatun-hum = object; umniyyah = delayed subject
Word order does not alone determine grammatical function. The first and last examples especially place an object before the agent; meaning and inflection help identify the relationship.
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al-Ḥārith ibn Ḥillizah: Failed Refuge, Royal Power, Tribal Assembly and Mirage (verses 37–46)
PhraseSyntactic pointlā yanfaʿu al-dhalīla al-najāʾal-dhalīl = object; al-najāʾ = delayed subjecthal naḥnu ... riʿāʾnaḥnu = subject; riʿāʾ = predicatekaʾannahum alqāʾkaʾanna + its noun and predicatesāqathum umniyyatun-hum = object; umniyyah = delayed subject
Word order does not alone determine grammatical function. The first and last examples especially place an object before the agent; meaning and inflection help identify the relationship.