«أَمَّا الشَّيْخُ فَأَصْدَقُ مِنَ الْقَطَا، وَأَمَّا الْإِفْضَاءُ فَفَرَطَ عَنْ خَطَأٍ»
As for the elder, he is more truthful than a sandgrouse; as for the harm, it occurred by mistake.
Ammā al-shaykhu introduces the first topic; its answer begins with the required linking fāʾ in fa-aṣdaqu. The same arrangement recurs in the statement about the injury. Aṣdaqu is a comparative adjective.
The syntax separates two propositions: the youth’s assessment of the elder and his claim that the damage was accidental. The repeated ammā/fa- pattern is a device for orderly argumentation.