LessonsLabīd ibn Rabīʿah: Resolve, Nawār and Pre-Islamic Night Gatherings (Verses 54–61)Quiz

Bittu, wāfaytu and rufiʿat are past-tense verbs performing different tasks: spending the night, arriving at a place, and the raising of a banner.

Rufiʿat is feminine singular passive past; its agreement is with the feminine sign ghāyah. The verb sequence animates a move from night-time conversation to the market signal.

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Bittu, wāfaytu and rufiʿat: verbal sequence

Labīd ibn Rabīʿah: Resolve, Nawār and Pre-Islamic Night Gatherings (Verses 54–61)

Bittu, wāfaytu and rufiʿat are past-tense verbs performing different tasks: spending the night, arriving at a place, and the raising of a banner.

Rufiʿat is feminine singular passive past; its agreement is with the feminine sign ghāyah. The verb sequence animates a move from night-time conversation to the market signal.