ExpressionMorphologyNarrative roleعَرِيَتْPerfect, feminine singularThe settlement becomes emptyكَانَDefective past verbIts former occupied stateفَأَبْكَرُواForm IV plural perfectDeparture early in the morningغُودِرَPassive perfectThe remains are left behind
In ghūdira nuʾyuhā, nuʾy functions as the passive verb’s deputy subject. The connective fa links the stages: habitation ends, the people depart, and tangible traces remain.
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Labīd ibn Rabīʿah: The Departing Caravan, Memory of Nawār and Distant Destinations (Verses 11–19)
ExpressionMorphologyNarrative roleعَرِيَتْPerfect, feminine singularThe settlement becomes emptyكَانَDefective past verbIts former occupied stateفَأَبْكَرُواForm IV plural perfectDeparture early in the morningغُودِرَPassive perfectThe remains are left behind
In ghūdira nuʾyuhā, nuʾy functions as the passive verb’s deputy subject. The connective fa links the stages: habitation ends, the people depart, and tangible traces remain.