LessonsLexical Polysemy and Wordplay — Applied Study of Ten MaqāmātQuiz

وَخَوَّانٌ مِنَ الْإِخْوَانِ قَالَ لِي لِإِقْلَالِي
An unfaithful companion reproached me for my poverty.

Khawwān is an intensely treacherous or unfaithful person; ikhwān are companions or brothers. The sound link turns the offence inward: betrayal arises from the very circle expected to show loyalty.

Li-iqlālī supplies the reason for the reproach—poverty. The intensive pattern strengthens the accusation, while the plural group provides the emotional contrast.

Semantic distinction exercise
What does khawwān mean?

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A betrayer among companions

Lexical Polysemy and Wordplay — Applied Study of Ten Maqāmāt

وَخَوَّانٌ مِنَ الْإِخْوَانِ قَالَ لِي لِإِقْلَالِي
An unfaithful companion reproached me for my poverty.

Khawwān is an intensely treacherous or unfaithful person; ikhwān are companions or brothers. The sound link turns the offence inward: betrayal arises from the very circle expected to show loyalty.

Li-iqlālī supplies the reason for the reproach—poverty. The intensive pattern strengthens the accusation, while the plural group provides the emotional contrast.

Semantic distinction exercise
What does khawwān mean?