LessonsSajʿ, Rhyme and Cadence — An Advanced Study of Ten MaqāmātQuiz

فَدَخَلْتُهَا خَاوِيَ الْوِفَاضِ بَادِيَ الْإِنْفَاضِ
I entered it with my provisions empty and my poverty apparent.

The two clauses khāwiya al-wifāḍ / bādiya al-infāḍ combine parallel adjective-like descriptions with similar final sounds. Their balanced syntax helps them arrive as two related beats.

The first presents the actual emptiness of the traveller's supplies; the second makes deprivation publicly visible. Sajʿ involves matching prose endings, but grammatical parallelism matters here too. An adequate translation should preserve the movement from a private shortage to its outward sign, rather than flattening both into “he was poor.”

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Two paired conditions: empty provision and evident need

Sajʿ, Rhyme and Cadence — An Advanced Study of Ten Maqāmāt

فَدَخَلْتُهَا خَاوِيَ الْوِفَاضِ بَادِيَ الْإِنْفَاضِ
I entered it with my provisions empty and my poverty apparent.

The two clauses khāwiya al-wifāḍ / bādiya al-infāḍ combine parallel adjective-like descriptions with similar final sounds. Their balanced syntax helps them arrive as two related beats.

The first presents the actual emptiness of the traveller's supplies; the second makes deprivation publicly visible. Sajʿ involves matching prose endings, but grammatical parallelism matters here too. An adequate translation should preserve the movement from a private shortage to its outward sign, rather than flattening both into “he was poor.”