نَافَسْتُ — Form III, first-person singular past: I strove or eagerly sought.
أَجْلُو / أَجْتَلِي — first-person singular imperfects: I clear away / I contemplate or behold.
يَدْرَأُ — third-person singular imperfect: he wards off.
جَدَحَتْ — feminine singular past; its grammatical subject is «يَدُ الْإِمْلَاقِ» (the hand of poverty), with feminine “hand.”
فَشَحَذَ — third-person singular past: then he sharpened or strengthened.
The grammar is tied to how each sentence communicates meaning.
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The Ḥulwān Maqāmah: Companionship, Poverty, and Parting
نَافَسْتُ — Form III, first-person singular past: I strove or eagerly sought.
أَجْلُو / أَجْتَلِي — first-person singular imperfects: I clear away / I contemplate or behold.
يَدْرَأُ — third-person singular imperfect: he wards off.
جَدَحَتْ — feminine singular past; its grammatical subject is «يَدُ الْإِمْلَاقِ» (the hand of poverty), with feminine “hand.”
فَشَحَذَ — third-person singular past: then he sharpened or strengthened.
The grammar is tied to how each sentence communicates meaning.