«وَخَبَرْتُ مَا شَانَ وَزَانَ»
And I had learned what blemishes and what adorns.
Shāna is to disfigure, impair, or disgrace; zāna is to beautify or adorn. Their similar sounds frame opposite meanings.
Shāna here is a verb, not the noun shaʾn (“affair” or “status”). The contrast portrays a narrator who has observed both admirable and blameworthy qualities.