LessonsZuhayr ibn Abī Sulmā: Mortality, Generosity, Self-Respect and Wisdom of Speech (Verses 53–62)Quiz

ConditionConsequence
مَنْ هَابَ أَسْبَابَ الْمَنَايَايَنَلْنَهُ
مَنْ يَجْعَلِ الْمَعْرُوفَ فِي غَيْرِ أَهْلِهِيَكُنْ حَمْدُهُ ذَمًّا
مَنْ يَغْتَرِبْيَحْسَبْ عَدُوًّا صَدِيقَهُ
مَهْمَا تَكُنْ ... مِنْ خَلِيقَةٍتُعْلَمِ

A conditional opening helps a compact line become generally applicable: it sets an identifiable action beside its consequence. This aphoristic structure is a distinctive feature of Zuhayr’s concluding passage.

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Condition and consequence as a poetic framework

Zuhayr ibn Abī Sulmā: Mortality, Generosity, Self-Respect and Wisdom of Speech (Verses 53–62)

ConditionConsequence
مَنْ هَابَ أَسْبَابَ الْمَنَايَايَنَلْنَهُ
مَنْ يَجْعَلِ الْمَعْرُوفَ فِي غَيْرِ أَهْلِهِيَكُنْ حَمْدُهُ ذَمًّا
مَنْ يَغْتَرِبْيَحْسَبْ عَدُوًّا صَدِيقَهُ
مَهْمَا تَكُنْ ... مِنْ خَلِيقَةٍتُعْلَمِ

A conditional opening helps a compact line become generally applicable: it sets an identifiable action beside its consequence. This aphoristic structure is a distinctive feature of Zuhayr’s concluding passage.