LessonsAl-Ta‘rif wa al-Tankir: Rhetorical Functions of Definiteness and IndefinitenessQuiz

وَأَخَذْتُ مَا جَادَ الْأَمِيرُ بِهِ
And I took what the ruler generously gave.

A speaker may use a relative expression understood by the intended listener but not fully identifiable to other people present. The relative clause conveys enough for one audience while withholding explicit naming from another.

Concealment from non-addressees does not mean meaningless speech. The target hearer understands the allusion, while outsiders lack the context needed to determine the referent.

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Concealing the referent from outsiders

Al-Ta‘rif wa al-Tankir: Rhetorical Functions of Definiteness and Indefiniteness

وَأَخَذْتُ مَا جَادَ الْأَمِيرُ بِهِ
And I took what the ruler generously gave.

A speaker may use a relative expression understood by the intended listener but not fully identifiable to other people present. The relative clause conveys enough for one audience while withholding explicit naming from another.

Concealment from non-addressees does not mean meaningless speech. The target hearer understands the allusion, while outsiders lack the context needed to determine the referent.