جَاءَ زَيْدٌ. عَمْرٌو يَتَكَلَّمُ.
Zayd arrived. ʿAmr is speaking.
Read separately, these are two reports. If the intended meaning is that ʿAmr was speaking as Zayd arrived, proximity alone does not securely mark this as a circumstance of the arrival. A suitable link or clear contextual indication is required.
This is why the wāw of a circumstantial clause is not simply a dispensable ornament: in some constructions it makes the intended relationship between event and state intelligible.
Opening interactive controls...
Appendix to Faṣl and Waṣl: Circumstantial Clauses, Wāw and Pronominal Linkage
جَاءَ زَيْدٌ. عَمْرٌو يَتَكَلَّمُ.
Zayd arrived. ʿAmr is speaking.
Read separately, these are two reports. If the intended meaning is that ʿAmr was speaking as Zayd arrived, proximity alone does not securely mark this as a circumstance of the arrival. A suitable link or clear contextual indication is required.
This is why the wāw of a circumstantial clause is not simply a dispensable ornament: in some constructions it makes the intended relationship between event and state intelligible.