قَدِمَ صَدِيقُكَ خَالِدٌ
Your friend Khālid arrived.
«Your friend» identifies someone by relationship, but the listener may have many friends. «Khālid» specifies which one has arrived. The second noun therefore serves clarification.
The proper name is not inherently clearer in every conversation. If the hearer does not recognize Khālid, the intended explanatory benefit may fail. The rhetorical effect depends on what the hearer already knows.
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ʿAṭf al-Bayān, Badal and Coordination: Clarifying, Reinforcing and Specifying the Subject
قَدِمَ صَدِيقُكَ خَالِدٌ
Your friend Khālid arrived.
«Your friend» identifies someone by relationship, but the listener may have many friends. «Khālid» specifies which one has arrived. The second noun therefore serves clarification.
The proper name is not inherently clearer in every conversation. If the hearer does not recognize Khālid, the intended explanatory benefit may fail. The rhetorical effect depends on what the hearer already knows.