LessonsChapter Eight: Ijaz, Itnab and Musawah — Brevity, Amplification and BalanceQuiz

Itnab requires a real gain: clarification, reinforcement or another purpose suited to the context. Length lacking such a gain is not eloquent amplification.

Tatwil: needless enlargement in which one cannot easily isolate which of several redundant elements should be removed.
Hashw: a plainly superfluous word or phrase that can be removed without loss.

In «وَأَلْفَى قَوْلَهَا كَذِبًا وَمَيْنًا», the near-synonyms “falsehood” and “lying” would be redundant if no further effect were intended. Synonymy alone, however, does not prove a defect: repetition may also be purposeful emphasis.

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Beneficial itnab, tatwil and hashw

Chapter Eight: Ijaz, Itnab and Musawah — Brevity, Amplification and Balance

Itnab requires a real gain: clarification, reinforcement or another purpose suited to the context. Length lacking such a gain is not eloquent amplification.

Tatwil: needless enlargement in which one cannot easily isolate which of several redundant elements should be removed.
Hashw: a plainly superfluous word or phrase that can be removed without loss.

In «وَأَلْفَى قَوْلَهَا كَذِبًا وَمَيْنًا», the near-synonyms “falsehood” and “lying” would be redundant if no further effect were intended. Synonymy alone, however, does not prove a defect: repetition may also be purposeful emphasis.