What best distinguishes «التي هو في بيتها» from «الذي كان معنا أمس» in these examples?

Defining the Subject by a Relative Pronoun: Purposes and Rhetorical Applications

• The first has no clause, the second does
• The first is imperative and the second interrogative
• The first reinforces the discourse’s point, the second chiefly identifies the referent
• Both only indicate the tense of a verb