Speaker-fasaha is the settled faculty of expressing intended meanings in fasih wording. It must be distinguished from producing one fluent sentence on one occasion.
Discourse-balagha requires 2 things: fasaha and conformity to what the rhetorical situation demands. The hal is the relevant motivating circumstance; the muqtada is the quality of expression that circumstance calls for.
Relevant stations include definiteness, qualification, word order, mention and omission, separation and conjunction, brevity and amplification, and sensitivity to the audience's comprehension. Even the choice of a particle in combination with another word may have its own fitting context.
The next section, irtifaʿ shaʾn al-kalam, considers how discourse attains higher levels of excellence and acceptance.