Classical categories of substitution help describe how one clause relates to another: partitive substitution, inclusion substitution, and complete replacement. These labels describe the rhetorical relation between clauses and should not be mechanically equated with every grammatical rule for single-word badal.
TypeFunction of second clause
Partitive substitutionHighlights an intended portion of a broader statement
Inclusion substitutionExpresses a meaning associated with or embraced by the earlier statement
Full substitution / restatementRestates essentially the whole intended assertion in clearer terms
The decisive test is contextual: what did the first clause communicate, and what does the second make salient?