Muqtaḍā al-Ḥāl (مقتضى الحال) is the expressive demand created by a particular communicative circumstance. A maqām (مقام) is the setting that calls for an approach such as emphasis or brevity.
A listener with no prior knowledge may need a simple statement. A doubtful listener may benefit from reinforcement, while a resistant listener may call for a stronger form of assertion.
Judging the situation therefore considers the audience's knowledge, attitude, the speaker's purpose, and the surrounding context.