The discussion distinguishes three questions that must not be collapsed:
DimensionQuestionRelevant issue
RealityDoes the attribution match what is actually the case?Factual truth
BeliefWhat attribution does the speaker accept?Speaker's conviction
AppearanceWhat interpretation is supported by the available evidence?Literal vs figurative predication
An attribution may accord with the speaker's belief while failing to match the world. The source's subsequent four-way classification depends on preserving these distinctions.