وَقَدْ تَخْرُجُ أَلْفَاظُ النِّدَاءِ عَنْ مَعْنَاهَا الْأَصْلِيِّ
Vocative expressions may move beyond their primary meaning.
In literal nidāʾ, the speaker seeks the addressee's attention. In rhetorical nidāʾ the same form can express a feeling or intended effect instead. The addressee may be absent, nonhuman, or even the speaker's own heart.
The major meanings here are incitement, rebuke, bewilderment and irritation, lament and pain, and recollection. One must read the complete context rather than classify merely by the vocative particle.