الْحَقِيقِيُّ وَالْإِضَافِيُّ
Real and relative restriction.
A complete analysis separates three dimensions: (1) whether subject or attribute is restricted; (2) whether the exclusion is real, rhetorically claimed, or relative to selected alternatives; and (3) for relative restriction, whether the listener needs correction of combination, reversal, or uncertainty.
No single label answers every question. “Qalb” describes correction of belief, not direction of predication; “attribute-to-subject” identifies direction, not the asserted scope of exclusion.
AxisClassesDiagnostic question
DirectionAttribute→subject / Subject→attributeWhat is restricted?
ScopeActual real / Claimed real / RelativeHow broad is the exclusion?
Listener beliefIfrād / Qalb / TaʿyīnWhich mental state is addressed?