LessonsQasr (Restriction): Types, Contexts and Four MethodsQuiz

«وَهُوَ حَقِيقِيٌّ وَغَيْرُ حَقِيقِيٍّ»
Restriction is of two types: real and non-real (relative).

Real restriction (قصر حقيقي) excludes all relevant alternatives in the reality claimed. Relative restriction (قصر إضافي) excludes alternatives only within a specified comparison, not within every conceivable possibility in the universe.

Suppose a class asks whether Zayd or ʿAmr wrote an article: “Zayd alone wrote it” may be relative to those two candidates. It does not suggest that nobody else in the world can write. The essential difference lies in the range of alternatives being excluded.

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Real and relative restriction

Qasr (Restriction): Types, Contexts and Four Methods

«وَهُوَ حَقِيقِيٌّ وَغَيْرُ حَقِيقِيٍّ»
Restriction is of two types: real and non-real (relative).

Real restriction (قصر حقيقي) excludes all relevant alternatives in the reality claimed. Relative restriction (قصر إضافي) excludes alternatives only within a specified comparison, not within every conceivable possibility in the universe.

Suppose a class asks whether Zayd or ʿAmr wrote an article: “Zayd alone wrote it” may be relative to those two candidates. It does not suggest that nobody else in the world can write. The essential difference lies in the range of alternatives being excluded.