«مَنْ يَعْتَقِدُ الشَّرِكَةَ»
A listener who believes the competing attributes or subjects are combined.
Ifrād (قصر أفراد) addresses this situation. Suppose a listener thinks Zayd is both a poet and a writer, but the speaker wants to establish only writing as the relevant attribute. “Zayd is a writer, not a poet” rejects the listener’s belief in a combination.
The distinctive target of ifrād is that assumed sharing or combination. One must identify the two items the listener has wrongly combined rather than simply labeling every exclusive sentence “ifrād.”