Restriction need not occur only between the grammatical subject and predicate. It can constrain the agent of an act, its object, or another complement such as a time or place.
RelationExampleQuestion resolved
Verb–agentmā qāma illā ZaydWho stood?
Verb–objectmā ḍaraba Zayd illā ʿAmranWhom did he strike?
Verb–adjunctmā sāfartu illā laylanWhen did I travel?
For each sentence identify the relevant relation instead of imposing one general interpretation on the particle illā.
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Restriction by Fronting and the Rhetorical Contrast of Qasr Methods
Restriction need not occur only between the grammatical subject and predicate. It can constrain the agent of an act, its object, or another complement such as a time or place.
RelationExampleQuestion resolved
Verb–agentmā qāma illā ZaydWho stood?
Verb–objectmā ḍaraba Zayd illā ʿAmranWhom did he strike?
Verb–adjunctmā sāfartu illā laylanWhen did I travel?
For each sentence identify the relevant relation instead of imposing one general interpretation on the particle illā.