AspectBenefit of a reportImplied benefit
New knowledgeThe judgment itselfThe speaker’s awareness of it
AddresseeUnaware of the reported relationAware of it but unaware the speaker knows
Example«زَيْدٌ حَاضِرٌ» to someone who does not know Zayd is present«أَنْتَ حَضَرْتَ» to someone who knows their own arrival
The critical difference lies in what the speaker intends the addressee to learn. The same outward declarative pattern can serve either aim.
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States of Assertoric Predication: Purposes of Reports and Three Audience States
AspectBenefit of a reportImplied benefit
New knowledgeThe judgment itselfThe speaker’s awareness of it
AddresseeUnaware of the reported relationAware of it but unaware the speaker knows
Example«زَيْدٌ حَاضِرٌ» to someone who does not know Zayd is present«أَنْتَ حَضَرْتَ» to someone who knows their own arrival
The critical difference lies in what the speaker intends the addressee to learn. The same outward declarative pattern can serve either aim.