States of the Subject: Proper Names, Prior-Reference Article and Annexation

Read-only question overview. Answers and scoring remain inside authenticated learner attempts.

• What does definiteness by ʿalamiyyah involve?
• What is central to “assigned to a particular thing” in the definition of a proper name?
• Which contrast between “رَجُلٌ عَالِمٌ” and “زَيْدٌ” is correct?
• What is meant by bringing the exact subject to mind?
• What is the role of “زَيْدٌ” in “جَاءَنِي زَيْدٌ وَهُوَ رَاكِبٌ”?
• If two individuals bear the name Zayd, how can the intended one be clarified?
• How is the reference of “هُوَ” normally established?
• What is the distinctive function of lām al-ʿahd?
• What does the second “الرجل” indicate?
• What makes “غُلَامُ زَيْدٍ” a definite-type identifying construction?
• Does every iḍāfah always pick out one unique person without further context?
• Which accurately distinguishes a proper name from prior-reference definiteness?
• What is the function of the qualifications concerning proper names?
• What linguistic distinction is explored in the discussion of the name Allah?
• What is the lesson’s linguistic question about “لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ”?
• What matters for a title to convey honor?
• How should the example contrasting riding and flight be used?
• How should the relationship of a proper name to allusion be understood?
• What caution applies to treating every occurrence of “Abū Lahab” as kināyah?
• If “Ḥātim came” refers to another generous man, what becomes plausible?
• What is the primary referential role of “أَبِي لَهَبٍ” in the verse?
• What is meant by īhām al-istildhādh?
• What is the prominent effect of repeating Laylā’s name in the couplet?
• What additional motive does the source give for naming Allah in “اللَّهُ الْهَادِي”?
• In what capacity is taṭayyur discussed here?
• How do “honor” and “proper-name definiteness” differ as labels?
• When is “الـ” in “الْمُعَلِّمُ قَادِمٌ” an article of prior reference?
• What governs choosing “Zayd” versus “the teacher’s son” for the same person?
• A proper name requires every listener to know all individual characteristics of its bearer in advance.
• Proper naming, the anaphoric article, and annexation can all identify the subject through distinct mechanisms.