LessonsSupplementary Comprehensive Examination — Advanced Arabic Texts and Evidence-Based Rhetorical AnalysisQuiz

DeviceDecisive featureCaution
ṬibāqContrary meaningsDifferent words alone do not suffice
JināsSimilarity in form with distinct meaningsInspect letters, vowels and form
SajʿCorresponding endings in prose clausesNot every rhyme-like pair is sajʿ

The contrast of the righteous and wicked is primarily semantic; the two usages of sāʿah invite analysis of similarity of form with different meanings. These cases help distinguish semantic from verbal embellishment.

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Three devices and their distinct criteria

Supplementary Comprehensive Examination — Advanced Arabic Texts and Evidence-Based Rhetorical Analysis

DeviceDecisive featureCaution
ṬibāqContrary meaningsDifferent words alone do not suffice
JināsSimilarity in form with distinct meaningsInspect letters, vowels and form
SajʿCorresponding endings in prose clausesNot every rhyme-like pair is sajʿ

The contrast of the righteous and wicked is primarily semantic; the two usages of sāʿah invite analysis of similarity of form with different meanings. These cases help distinguish semantic from verbal embellishment.