«أَكْرَمْتُ الْعُلَمَاءَ وَالْمُعَلِّمِينَ»
I honored scholars and teachers.
If teachers are included in the first category, mentioning them again after the general expression highlights their particular importance. The aim is not simply to narrow the general statement, but to accord the specified group additional attention.
If context treats the two groups as disjoint, the expression is no longer a straightforward example of the technical pattern. Interpretation depends on the actual relation between their referents.