DeviceDecisive question
TadhyīlDoes a new independent clause reinforce or generalize the preceding point?
IḥtirāsDoes the addition prevent an unintended inference?
TatmīmDoes it add a useful feature without correcting an earlier possible misunderstanding?
In «وَجَاءَ زَيْدٌ مُبْتَسِمًا», “smiling” is a circumstantial modifier. Its grammatical optionality does not by itself prove the rhetorical device of tatmīm. The relevant expressive gain must first be established.
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Supplementary Practice 1: Applied Analysis of Faṣl, Waṣl, Ījāz and Iṭnāb
DeviceDecisive question
TadhyīlDoes a new independent clause reinforce or generalize the preceding point?
IḥtirāsDoes the addition prevent an unintended inference?
TatmīmDoes it add a useful feature without correcting an earlier possible misunderstanding?
In «وَجَاءَ زَيْدٌ مُبْتَسِمًا», “smiling” is a circumstantial modifier. Its grammatical optionality does not by itself prove the rhetorical device of tatmīm. The relevant expressive gain must first be established.