LessonsSupplementary Practice 15: Caravan Reports, Attribution and the Limits of InferenceQuiz

إِنَّمَا أَقَامَتِ الْقَافِلَةُ خَوْفًا مِنَ الضَّبَابِ.
The caravan stayed because of the danger posed by fog, rather than for the suspected reason.

If listeners suspect that the caravan stopped because it was lost, innamā can foreground the stated cause and exclude that competing explanation. Its rhetorical scope is established by the dispute; it should not be read as proof that no other contributing circumstance existed at any time.

Issue in disputeSuitable answer
Where did it stop?Mā tawaqqafat illā ʿinda al-wādī
Why did it stop?Innamā aqāmat khawfan min al-ḍabāb

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Innamā and excluding a competing explanation

Supplementary Practice 15: Caravan Reports, Attribution and the Limits of Inference

إِنَّمَا أَقَامَتِ الْقَافِلَةُ خَوْفًا مِنَ الضَّبَابِ.
The caravan stayed because of the danger posed by fog, rather than for the suspected reason.

If listeners suspect that the caravan stopped because it was lost, innamā can foreground the stated cause and exclude that competing explanation. Its rhetorical scope is established by the dispute; it should not be read as proof that no other contributing circumstance existed at any time.

Issue in disputeSuitable answer
Where did it stop?Mā tawaqqafat illā ʿinda al-wādī
Why did it stop?Innamā aqāmat khawfan min al-ḍabāb