أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ
Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with the people of the elephant? (الفيل: 1)
Alam combines interrogation and negation, but its purpose here is not to request unknown information. It directs the audience to acknowledge or recall a known divine action. Tarā may convey knowing or considering; the wording does not require the immediate listener to have witnessed the event with the eyes.
Kayfa faʿala directs attention to how the action unfolded and what it accomplished. A second rhetorical question follows, maintaining the movement from recalled event to its decisive outcome.