Featureal-Kāfirūnal-Naṣr
OpeningQul and direct addressIdhā frames a situation
Main methodReciprocal negation and emphasisVictory and visible circumstances
ConclusionDecisive contrasted affiliationsCommands and emphatic rationale
In al-Kāfirūn, the initial command frames a public declaration dominated by negations. In al-Naṣr, the circumstances come first, a command follows with fa-sabbiḥ, and an emphatic statement then explains and encourages the response. This is discourse-level, not merely morphological, analysis of declaration and instruction.