What is a recognized syntactic function of the second mā in wa-mā kasaba?

Supplementary Practice 23: Comparative Rhetorical Study of Sūrat al-Masad and al-Ikhlāṣ

• Necessarily negative, starting an independent negated report
• Relative or maṣdarī, referring to gains or the act of earning
• A vocative particle making kasaba an addressee
• Exclamatory mā praising the wealth