الْقَارِعَةُ
The overwhelming calamity. (101:1)
Al-qāriʿah is an active-participle form functioning as a designation for the Day of overwhelming impact. The definite article and its isolated opening position make it the focus of the audience’s attention. The effect is not merely to label an event but to evoke its gravity.
The next expression, «mā al-qāriʿah», asks about the reality and magnitude of that event. The ensuing discourse develops what the charged initial designation has suggested.