LessonsSupplementary Practice 29 — Comparative Rhetoric of Sūrat al-Infiṭār and Sūrat al-InshiqāqQuiz

وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحَافِظِينَ
And surely there are guardians over you. (82:10)

“inna” is the emphatic particle; “ʿalaykum” is the fronted predicate of inna, while “la-ḥāfiẓīn” is its delayed subject/name with an emphatic lām. “Ḥāfiẓīn” is accusative, marked by yāʾ as a sound masculine plural. Fronting ʿalaykum draws attention to the listeners' being observed.

Some grammatical analyses take the initial wāw as circumstantial: you deny while guardians watch over you. It should not automatically be labelled simple coordination. The syntactic position of the clause and its rhetorical relation to preceding discourse are separate questions.

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Al-Infiṭār: inna, lām, and fronting a prepositional phrase

Supplementary Practice 29 — Comparative Rhetoric of Sūrat al-Infiṭār and Sūrat al-Inshiqāq

وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحَافِظِينَ
And surely there are guardians over you. (82:10)

“inna” is the emphatic particle; “ʿalaykum” is the fronted predicate of inna, while “la-ḥāfiẓīn” is its delayed subject/name with an emphatic lām. “Ḥāfiẓīn” is accusative, marked by yāʾ as a sound masculine plural. Fronting ʿalaykum draws attention to the listeners' being observed.

Some grammatical analyses take the initial wāw as circumstantial: you deny while guardians watch over you. It should not automatically be labelled simple coordination. The syntactic position of the clause and its rhetorical relation to preceding discourse are separate questions.