If the listener already knows they passed, what may “najaḥta fī al-imtiḥān” chiefly communicate?
Supplementary Practice 4: Audience, Emphasis, Restriction and Rhetorical Judgment
- Lāzim fāʾidat al-khabar: revealing the speaker’s knowledge
- Fāʾidat al-khabar: necessarily informing for the first time
- Restriction reversing another person’s success
- Omission of a conditional response