LessonsSupplementary Practice 8: Rhetorical Analysis of Five Connected PassagesQuiz

وَلَمَّا صَفَا الْجَوُّ وَصَلَ.
And when the weather cleared, it arrived.

“Lammā” introduces a temporal relationship: once the weather cleared, the arrival took place. The initial wāw connects this stage to the preceding narrative, while the unexpressed subject of “waṣala” is understood from the earlier “al-barīd.” These grammatical elements have different functions.

Replacing the initial wāw with fāʾ would foreground a closer sense of consequence or sequence. The two particles should not be treated as identical simply because both can link clauses in a narrative.

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The third clause: lammā and coordination

Supplementary Practice 8: Rhetorical Analysis of Five Connected Passages

وَلَمَّا صَفَا الْجَوُّ وَصَلَ.
And when the weather cleared, it arrived.

“Lammā” introduces a temporal relationship: once the weather cleared, the arrival took place. The initial wāw connects this stage to the preceding narrative, while the unexpressed subject of “waṣala” is understood from the earlier “al-barīd.” These grammatical elements have different functions.

Replacing the initial wāw with fāʾ would foreground a closer sense of consequence or sequence. The two particles should not be treated as identical simply because both can link clauses in a narrative.