زَيْدٌ ضَرَبْتُهُ
Zayd—I struck him.
«Zayd» is the outer subject; «ḍarabtu» contains a verb and its first-person subject, while «-hu» is an object pronoun referring back to Zayd. The entire verbal clause functions as the predicate.
The connecting pronoun is here the object, not the doer. This is important because a clause can be grammatically linked to its subject in several ways; the strongest analysis of taqawwī in «Zayd qāma» hinges on a narrower arrangement.
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When the Predicate Is a Clause: Strengthened Attribution, Causal Predication, and Adverbial Phrases
زَيْدٌ ضَرَبْتُهُ
Zayd—I struck him.
«Zayd» is the outer subject; «ḍarabtu» contains a verb and its first-person subject, while «-hu» is an object pronoun referring back to Zayd. The entire verbal clause functions as the predicate.
The connecting pronoun is here the object, not the doer. This is important because a clause can be grammatically linked to its subject in several ways; the strongest analysis of taqawwī in «Zayd qāma» hinges on a narrower arrangement.