In khaṭaba al-imāmu khuṭbatan, the verb is past tense, al-imāmu is the nominative subject, and khuṭbatan is the accusative object.
In yuʿallimu al-nāsa fīhā, the verb is imperfect, al-nāsa is its object, and fīhā refers back to the sermon.
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Parsing the sermon sentence
Book of Hajj: Sa’y between Safa and Marwa and the Day of Tarwiyah
In khaṭaba al-imāmu khuṭbatan, the verb is past tense, al-imāmu is the nominative subject, and khuṭbatan is the accusative object.
In yuʿallimu al-nāsa fīhā, the verb is imperfect, al-nāsa is its object, and fīhā refers back to the sermon.