Fa-yaṭūfa is an imperfect verb derived from ṭ-w-f, 'to go around'; here it is in a sequenced instructional context. Bi-l-bayt is a prepositional phrase.
Ṭawāfa al-ziyārah names the type of circumambulation through an accusative verbal-noun construction and idafah. Sabʿata ashwaṭin provides the numeral and counted noun, with ashwāṭ the plural of shawṭ, 'a circuit'.