A condition of obligation determines who must attend Friday prayer, whereas a condition of valid performance determines how Jumuah must be conducted—place, time, khutbah and congregation. An individual’s exemption does not abolish these performance conditions, nor does a valid public congregation make attendance obligatory on every person.
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Obligation conditions versus performance conditions
Friday Prayer: Conditions, Khutbah, Congregation and Related Rulings
A condition of obligation determines who must attend Friday prayer, whereas a condition of valid performance determines how Jumuah must be conducted—place, time, khutbah and congregation. An individual’s exemption does not abolish these performance conditions, nor does a valid public congregation make attendance obligatory on every person.