Kitab al-Buyu: Shortage, Surplus, Buyer Options and Price Allocation

Read-only question overview. Answers and scoring remain inside authenticated learner attempts.

100 qafiz at 100 dirhams yielded 80. What may the buyer do?
100 qafiz sold, 115 found. Who owns the extra 15?
80 measures for 1,600 rupees, only 60 found: proportional price?
Besides proportional purchase of deficient grain, what option exists?
What does bi-hissatihi min al-thaman mean?
What does bi-jumlat al-thaman mean in the cloth/land case?
Lump-sum cloth: stated 10 cubits for 10 dirhams, actually 8. What may buyer do?
Same lump-sum cloth described as 10, found 12. What of extra 2?
Ten cubits at one dirham each; 8 found. What is the option?
Ten cubits at one dirham each, found 12. Buyer may?
Key difference between lump-sum and per-cubit cloth sale?
Which expression indicates keeping at full price or rejecting?
Plot described as 100 cubits, lump sum 100, actually 90: ruling?
Land at one dirham per cubit, 100 stipulated but 90 found: price?
100 cubits at 1 per cubit, found 120: price to accept all?
Why does the buyer not own 10 extra qafiz?
Why does the buyer receive extra length in lump-sum cloth sale?
Why an option when a described attribute is deficient?
Meaning of sabrah in this passage?
What is a qafiz?
What does dhira‘ measure here?
Meaning of attribute becoming separately priced in per-cubit contract?
40 measures for 2,000; 30 found. Amount if accepted?
50 qafiz for 5,000; 45 found. Which option is correct?
What may buyer not automatically demand for deficient lump-sum cloth?
Who has the stated option when per-cubit cloth is longer?
Seller’s option for surplus length in lump-sum cloth?
What does kullu dhira‘ bi-dirham stipulate?
What separates grain surplus from an improved cloth attribute?
Why may a buyer pay 90 rather than 100 for 90 cubits under per-cubit terms?
What is meant by fasakh al-bay‘?
Before deciding a shortage case, what must be identified?
What does the next consecutive source section discuss?