وَالنَّفْلُ كُلُّهُ يَجُوزُ بِنِيَّةٍ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ.
Translation: All voluntary fasting is valid with an intention made before zawal.
For a voluntary fast, Quduri also permits intention during the day within the stated deadline, provided the fast has not been invalidated since dawn.
That flexibility does not turn the resulting fast into a discharged Ramadan make-up, unspecified vow, or expiatory duty. Its legal category remains important.
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Kitab al-Sawm: Categories of Fasting and Rules of Intention
وَالنَّفْلُ كُلُّهُ يَجُوزُ بِنِيَّةٍ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ.
Translation: All voluntary fasting is valid with an intention made before zawal.
For a voluntary fast, Quduri also permits intention during the day within the stated deadline, provided the fast has not been invalidated since dawn.
That flexibility does not turn the resulting fast into a discharged Ramadan make-up, unspecified vow, or expiatory duty. Its legal category remains important.