LessonsKitab al-Sawm: Fasting Hours, Invalidators, Qada and KaffarahQuiz

The swallowed objects in the preceding clause are not ordinary nourishment. Their stated consequence is qaḍāʾ. By contrast, the next clause includes deliberate intake of food, drink, or medication within the circumstances requiring both make-up and expiation for a Ramadan fast.

A sound reading considers the kind of substance, deliberate action, and category of fast, rather than treating every swallowed item as legally identical.

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Non-nutritive objects versus food

Kitab al-Sawm: Fasting Hours, Invalidators, Qada and Kaffarah

The swallowed objects in the preceding clause are not ordinary nourishment. Their stated consequence is qaḍāʾ. By contrast, the next clause includes deliberate intake of food, drink, or medication within the circumstances requiring both make-up and expiation for a Ramadan fast.

A sound reading considers the kind of substance, deliberate action, and category of fast, rather than treating every swallowed item as legally identical.