For a missed prayer, the source says the travel/residence status at the end of the prayer time determines whether the Qada is 2 or 4 rak'ahs.
So a prayer whose time ended while one was a traveler can later be made up as 2, while a prayer whose time ended while one was resident is made up as 4 — even if the person's status has changed by the time of Qada.
The current location alone does not decide the number of Qada rak'ahs.
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The Traveler's Prayer: Travel Threshold, Qasr, Residence, and Watan
For a missed prayer, the source says the travel/residence status at the end of the prayer time determines whether the Qada is 2 or 4 rak'ahs.
So a prayer whose time ended while one was a traveler can later be made up as 2, while a prayer whose time ended while one was resident is made up as 4 — even if the person's status has changed by the time of Qada.
The current location alone does not decide the number of Qada rak'ahs.