Abu Hanifah and Abu Yusuf permit a pure liquid that actually removes filth, such as vinegar or rosewater.
Muhammad, Zufar and al-Shafi‘i restrict this legal purification to water: prescribed purification is linked to water in the textual proofs, so a cleansing liquid is not automatically its substitute.
The broader view reasons that the material cause of impurity is removed by a suitable pure liquid, so the impurity ruling ceases when its substance is eliminated.
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Types of Impurity and Methods of Purification
Abu Hanifah and Abu Yusuf permit a pure liquid that actually removes filth, such as vinegar or rosewater.
Muhammad, Zufar and al-Shafi‘i restrict this legal purification to water: prescribed purification is linked to water in the textual proofs, so a cleansing liquid is not automatically its substitute.
The broader view reasons that the material cause of impurity is removed by a suitable pure liquid, so the impurity ruling ceases when its substance is eliminated.